A Model for Digital Technology in the Circular Supply Chain of the Automotive Industry

The aim of the present study is to explain and develop a model for the application of digital technologies to achieve a circular supply chain in the automotive industry. In terms of its purpose, this research is applied, and methodologically, it is designed as a qualitative study employing a grounded theory approach. The statistical population of the study consisted of senior supply chain managers, logistics specialists, and experts in the field of circular economy. Using purposive sampling, 15 in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data analysis was performed using a three-stage coding process (open, axial, and selective coding) with the assistance of MAXQDA software.The findings indicate that the central phenomenon of the “circular supply chain” emerges from the interaction among causal conditions (organizational strategy, environmental pressures, and the need for efficiency), contextual conditions (laws and regulations, level of technical knowledge, and market and customer needs), and intervening conditions (investment, organizational culture, data security, and technological capabilities). At the strategic level, measures such as “logistics optimization,” “design for the environment,” “knowledge management,” and “digital integration” play a key role in the transition toward circular and sustainable business models.The results of the final model indicate that achieving a circular economy in the automotive industry requires alignment between organizational strategies and technological capabilities. This alignment enables organizations to achieve outcomes such as “competitive advantage,” “economic performance,” and “supply chain sustainability” through the optimization of operational processes.